A mountain lion strides across rugged rocks, highlighting its agility and strength in the wild.
March 14, 2025

The Urgent Need for Wildlife Corridors to Protect California’s Mountain Lions

More than 100 years of urbanization has taken its toll on mountain lions in central California. Roads and rural residential development have fractured the large, connected territories that they rely on for hunting, breeding, and survival. These changes threaten mountain lions and the crucial role they play in maintaining a healthy regional ecosystem. Without these majestic creatures, the balance between predator and prey populations will collapse, leading to overgrazing, erosion and a harmful loss of biodiversity. 
 
Solving the compounding risks that threaten mountain lions isn’t easy, but it can be done and conservation has a critical role to play in protecting these iconic creatures and the valuable lands where they roam.  
 

Conservation For Connectivity 

For the past 17 years, my work in conservation has focused on California’s central coast, where I’ve supported land protection projects that safeguard vital wildlife habitats.

One of the earliest lessons I learned in wildlife corridor conservation came from a trip with my partners at the University of California, Santa Cruz, to track mountain lions. The focus of this work was to study the at-risk population of mountain lions residing between the Santa Cruz Mountains and the Gabilan Range, where they face the threat of extinction.

On the trip we tagged a young male mountain lion — known as 54M — to follow his journey through the region. For nearly a year, we observed his movements as he traversed a network of farms and busy roads that weave throughout the surrounding mountains.

By tracking this young mountain lion, we learned more about where he roamed and identified places where conservation projects could help the species survive. Sadly, 54M was killed by a car a year later while attempting to cross Highway 101. This tragic story has become all too common for big cats and native wildlife in the area, sparking action for the region’s recent land preservation efforts.  

Connecting The Pieces

At The Conservation Fund, wildlife data fuels our efforts to identify and protect land that will help rebuild and preserve habitat for mountain lions and other essential species.  
 
In California, we’re working with local land trusts and conservation partners to safeguard the critical corridors linking the Santa Cruz Mountains and Gabilan Range to the broader state landscape. We’re already making significant progress, with more than 5,000 acres of land in the area now protected by our efforts alone. 

A map of wildlife corridors that support habitat living within the Santa Cruz Mountains.

Wildlife corridors provide migration routes that support habitat living within the Santa Cruz Mountains to Gabilan Range. Our conservation efforts in the area support these pathways.

  • O’Connell Ranch
    O’Connell Ranch is located in the Diablo Range, parallel to the Santa Cruz Mountains. Wildlife migration in the area is fragmented by a daunting barrier — the eight-lane Highway 152, which is the main artery from the Central Valley into the Silicon Valley and Bay Area. The property is uniquely situated along the Pacheco Creek Riparian Corridor where underpasses provide limited safe passage opportunities beneath the highway. In late 2023, we partnered with the Santa Clara Valley Habitat Agency to purchase and protect a 1,125-acre property, to enhance wildlife connectivity in a stretch of the road where four mountain lions had been hit by vehicles. In the future, a wildlife overpass is proposed to be built above the road.
     
  • Richmond Ranch
    Richmond Ranch is located southeast of San Jose and spans 3,654 acres in the Diablo Range that links into the greater Santa Cruz to Gabilan Range corridor. Its unique location helps to preserve the ‘Coyote Valley Wildlife Linkage’ that provides critical habitat for the bobcats, Tule elk, mountain lions and other critters when crossing. The land also provides public benefit as it is set for incorporation into a county park. The expansion will complete a section of the scenic Bay Area Ridge Trail that currently connects more than 400 miles of outdoor recreation access surrounding the San Francisco Bay Area. In 2024, our team worked with the local Santa Clara Valley Habitat agency and local parks to protect the property for dual use.
  • Breen Ranch
    Breen Ranch marks a step forward in a multi-year effort between local land trusts and governments to secure a track of land that supports the future build of a wildlife crossing over Highway 101, where mountain lions lack the ability to safely cross the road. The expansion offers paths within the native habitat to avoid conflicts with local ranchers. The Conservation Fund protected the property in 2025 to conserve 500 acres of land in the northern tip of the Gabilan Range, which sits in the middle of the region’s wildlife pathway.

Over time, these projects have created a powerful, interconnected network of habitat for the region’s wildlife. Each of these efforts take us one step closer to empowering these mighty creatures to once again roam free. As I think back to my introduction to this work, and the collaborative efforts of so many to track and protect California’s mountain lions, I am left with hope and motivation.

Join us in supporting our meaningful land conservation work by making a donation to The Conservation Fund today.  

Make a Difference

Help protect America's priceless natural landscapes and ensure that we have healthy environments, places to work and play, and real economic opportunity.

Close up of white fungi